Zopangidwa ndi Nsalu Zopanda Ulusi za Spunbond

I. Kuyenda kwa Njira ya Filament spunbond Nonwoven Nsalu

Kupanga nsalu yopanda ulusi ya spunbond ndi njira yeniyeni yomwe imagwirizanitsa kukonza zinthu za polima ndi ukadaulo wopangira zinthu zotentha. Changshu Yongdeli Spunlaced Nonwoven Fabric Co., Ltd. imatsatira mosamalitsa njira zopangidwira, kuyang'anira gawo lililonse kuyambira zopangira mpaka zinthu zomalizidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti gulu lililonse lili ndi mtundu wokhazikika. Njira yeniyeniyo ndi iyi:

Kusankha zinthu zopangira ndi kapangidwe ka fomula: Kampaniyo imasankha ma polymer chips apamwamba kwambiri ngati zinthu zopangira, kuphatikizapo polypropylene (PP) ndi polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ndi zina zotero. Gulu laukadaulo limapanga ma formula asayansi opangira zinthu zopangira kutengera momwe zinthuzo zimagwirira ntchito (monga mphamvu, kufewa, kukana kutentha, ndi zina zotero), mwachitsanzo, posintha kuchuluka kwa ma polima osiyanasiyana kapena kuwonjezera zinthu zogwira ntchito (monga zinthu zotsutsana ndi static, mankhwala ophera tizilombo), kuti zinthuzo zikhale ndi makhalidwe apadera, ndikuyika maziko opangira zinthu zina.

Kusungunula kwa Melt: Zidutswa za zinthu zopangira zimatumizidwa koyamba ku screw extruder, komwe zimasungunuka pa kutentha komwe kwayikidwa (zipangizo zopangira za PP nthawi zambiri zimakhala 200-230℃, zinthu zopangira za PET nthawi zambiri zimakhala 260-290℃). Kenako, zinthu zosungunuka zimadutsa mu spinneret mu gawo lozungulira ndipo zimatulutsidwa mwachangu kwambiri kuti zipange ulusi. Chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa mabowo mu spinneret zimapangidwa bwino malinga ndi kulemera ndi kusalala kwa ulusi wa chinthucho kuti zitsimikizire kuti ulusi uli wofanana m'mimba mwake komanso kuti zigwirizane ndi miyezo yamphamvu.

Kutambasula kayendedwe ka mpweya ndi kapangidwe ka ukonde: Ulusi wotuluka umatambasulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe ka mpweya wothamanga kwambiri. Liwiro la kayendedwe ka mpweya likhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za ulusi wopyapyala kuti utambasule bwino ulusiwo ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zawo zamakaniko. Ulusi wotambasulidwawo umatsogozedwa ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya ndipo umafalikira mofanana pa ukonde wopangira ulusi kuti upange ulusi wopitilira, wofewa, komanso wokhuthala mofanana. Panthawi yopanga ukonde, kampaniyo imalamulira bwino liwiro la ukonde wopangira ulusi ndi kukula kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya kuti itsimikizire kulemera kofanana ndi kukhazikika kwa ukonde wa ulusi, kukonzekera kulimbitsa kutentha pambuyo pake.

Kulimbitsa Mphete Yotentha (njira yofunikira): Iyi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri yomwe imasiyanitsa nsalu yopanda ulusi yopangidwa ndi ulusi ndi njira zina zopanda ulusi. Ulusi wopangidwa umaperekedwa ku makina opukutira otentha, omwe amakhala ndi ma heater roller awiri. Malo opukutira akhoza kupangidwa ngati malo osalala kapena okhala ndi mapatani enaake. Pansi pa kutentha komwe kwakhazikitsidwa (nthawi zambiri 120-180℃, kutentha kwake kumasinthidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa zinthu zopangira), kupanikizika (nthawi zambiri 5-20 MPa), ndi liwiro, ulusi womwe uli mu ulusi umasungunuka pamalo olumikizirana chifukwa cha kutentha, kuzizira kuti upange kapangidwe kokhazikika ka ukonde. Ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo adzawongolera molondola magawo opukutira kutentha malinga ndi mphamvu ndi momwe zinthuzo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito roller yopangidwa kuti iwonjezere mpweya wabwino komanso kukula kwa zinthuzo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito roller yosalala kuti ipangitse kuti pamwamba pa nsalu pakhale posalala.

Kuziziritsa ndi Kupanga: Nsalu yopanda ulusi ya spunbond imakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri ndipo imafunika kulowa mu chipangizo choziziritsira nthawi yomweyo. Kudzera mu kuziziritsa mpweya wozizira kapena kuzizira kokhudzana ndi makina oziziritsira, kutentha kwa nsalu yopanda ulusi kumachepetsedwa mofulumira kufika kutentha kwa chipinda kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake ndikupewa mavuto monga kuchepa ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake panthawi yokonza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito. Panthawi yozizira, kutentha ndi kusalala kwa nsalu yopanda ulusi kumayang'aniridwa nthawi yeniyeni kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuziziritsako kukukwaniritsa miyezo.

Kukonza pambuyo pa chithandizo: Malinga ndi zosowa za makasitomala payekhapayekha, kampaniyo idzachita kukonza pambuyo pa chithandizo pa nsalu yozizira yopanda ulusi. Njira zodziwika bwino pambuyo pa chithandizo zimaphatikizapo: kufewetsa (mwa kupopera mankhwala ofewetsa kapena kudzera mu kufewetsa kwa makina, kukulitsa kumverera kwa chinthucho), kuchiza kosagwirizana ndi static (kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsutsana ndi static kapena kuchita chithandizo cha plasma kuti achepetse kuchulukana kwa magetsi osasinthasintha pa nsaluyo), kuchiza kotsutsana ndi antibiotic (kuwonjezera mankhwala oletsa mabakiteriya kuti aletse kukula kwa mabakiteriya), kuchiza kosagwirizana ndi hydrophilic (kukonza kuyamwa kwa chinyezi cha chinthucho, koyenera gawo la zinthu zaukhondo) ndi zina zotero. Kuwonjezeredwa kwa njira pambuyo pa chithandizo kumakulitsa kwambiri momwe zinthuzo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Kudula ndi Kuyang'ana: Pomaliza, mipukutu ya nsalu yosalukidwa yomwe yakonzedwa pambuyo pake imatumizidwa ku zida zodulira, kudula mipukutu kapena mapepala malinga ndi m'lifupi ndi kutalika komwe makasitomala amafunikira. Pambuyo podula, oyang'anira khalidwe adzayang'ana kwambiri zinthuzo, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe (kuyang'ana zolakwika, kusiyana kwa mitundu, mawonekedwe osafanana), mawonekedwe enieni (kuyesa mphamvu yokoka, kutalika kwake pakagwa, kupuma bwino), ndi magwiridwe antchito (monga kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya, magwiridwe antchito oletsa kusinthasintha), kuonetsetsa kuti gulu lililonse la zinthu likukwaniritsa miyezo yoyenera yadziko lonse komanso zofunikira za makasitomala, ndipo zinthu zoyenerera zokha ndi zomwe zingasungidwe ndikutumizidwa kuti zitumizidwe.

II. Ubwino wa Nsalu Yopanda Ulusi ya Filament Spunbond

Mphamvu yayikulu komanso kulimba kwabwino: Nsalu yayitali ya spunbond yopanda ulusi imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka ulusi wautali kosalekeza ndipo imalimbikitsidwa kudzera mu kukanikiza kotentha kuti zitsimikizire kuti ulusiwo umamatira bwino. Kuwongolera kwa makina ndi mphamvu yokoka ya chinthucho ndi yabwino kwambiri, imatha kupirira mphamvu zazikulu zakunja popanda kung'ambika. Nthawi yomweyo, kukana kwake kukalamba ndi kukana kwake kukalamba ndizabwino kwambiri, kusunga magwiridwe antchito okhazikika ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kapena m'malo ovuta (monga chinyezi, kukangana pang'ono), ndi moyo wautali kwambiri kuposa nsalu yopanda ulusi waufupi.

Kupuma bwino komanso kulola chinyezi kulowa: Panthawi yolimbitsa spunbond, mwa kukonza mapangidwe a makina osindikizira kutentha ndi magawo okakamiza, kapangidwe ka microporous kofanana kangapangidwe pamwamba pa nsalu. Micropores izi sizimangotsimikizira kuti mpweya umayenda bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthucho chizipuma bwino, komanso zimathandiza kuti nthunzi ya madzi ilowe, kupewa kumva kutsekeka, koyenera zinthu zaukhondo, zovala, ndi zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndi thupi la munthu.

Kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri: Chifukwa cha njira yopangira spunbond, nsalu yopanda ulusi ya filament spunbond yakhala ikuthandizidwa mokwanira kuti ichepetse kutentha panthawi yopangira. Pokonza zinthu pambuyo pake (monga kudula, kusoka) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale kutentha kutatha kusintha kapena kutsukidwa pang'ono, sizingatheke kuti iwonetse kuchepa kapena kusintha kwa mawonekedwe, kuonetsetsa kuti kukula kwa zinthuzo kukugwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makasitomala azigwiritsa ntchito mosavuta.

Kupanga bwino kwambiri komanso phindu la ndalama: Njira yopangira nsalu yopanda ulusi ya filament spunbond imakhala yopitilira, kuyambira kusungunuka mpaka kulimbitsa kotentha, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito zizichitika mosalekeza. Changshu Yongdeli spunlaced Non-Woven Fabric Co., Ltd. yawonjezeranso magwiridwe antchito mwa kukonza bwino magawo opanga ndi kapangidwe ka zida. Poyerekeza ndi nsalu zina zovuta zosakhala zoluka, njira ya filament spunbond imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangira zambiri komanso mphamvu moyenera, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso kupereka zabwino pamtengo wabwino, zomwe zimathandiza makasitomala kulandira zinthu zapamwamba komanso zotsika mtengo.

Zipangizo zosinthika kwambiri komanso kuthekera kosintha zinthu: Kampaniyo imatha kusintha zinthu malinga ndi zosowa za makasitomala pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo zokhala ndi mamolekyulu ambiri (monga PP, PET) kapena kuwonjezera zinthu zothandiza. Kaya kusintha mphamvu, kufewa kwa chinthucho, kapena kuwonjezera ntchito zapadera monga mabakiteriya, anti-static, zonsezi zitha kuchitika kudzera mu kukonza njira. Mphamvu yosintha zinthu ndi yamphamvu, yokhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale osiyanasiyana.

III. Makhalidwe a Nsalu Yopanda Ulusi ya Filament Spunbond

Pamwamba pa nsalu yosalala komanso yofanana, mawonekedwe abwino: Kudzera mu kuwongolera molondola magawo osiyanasiyana pakuzungulira, ukonde ndi kukanikiza kotentha, kulemera kwa pamwamba pa nsalu ya nsalu yopanda ulusi ya filament spunbond kumakhala kofanana, popanda kusiyana koonekeratu kwa makulidwe kapena kusakanikirana kwa ulusi. Ngati chosindikizira chofewa chotenthetsera kutentha chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, pamwamba pa nsaluyo pakhoza kukhala mawonekedwe abwino, osalala; ngati chosindikizira cha pattern chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, chingapangitse mawonekedwe okongola, kukulitsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a chinthucho, choyenera zochitika zokhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakuoneka. Palibe zomatira za mankhwala, zoteteza chilengedwe komanso zotetezeka: Nsalu yayitali yopanda ulusi yomatira yotenthedwa ndi ulusi imalumikizidwa ndi kusungunuka ndi kusakanikirana kwa ulusi kudzera mu kukanikiza kutentha. Panthawi yopanga, palibe guluu, utomoni, kapena zomatira zina za mankhwala zomwe ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa, kupewa kuvulaza komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha mankhwala ku thanzi la anthu ndikuchepetsa kuipitsa chilengedwe. Chogulitsachi chayesedwa ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka ndipo chilibe fungo kapena zinthu zovulaza, zomwe zikukwaniritsa miyezo ya dziko yoteteza chilengedwe (monga GB 18401-2010 "National Basic Safety Technical Specifications for Textiles"), ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosamala m'magawo aukhondo ndi azachipatala.

Kugwira bwino ntchito yokonza: Chogulitsachi chili ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga kudula, kusoka, kulumikiza kutentha, ndi kusindikiza. Podula, palibe m'mbali zomasuka kapena kutayika kwa ulusi; polumikiza kutentha, chimatha kugwirizana mwachangu ndi zinthu zina (monga mafilimu, nsalu zina zosalukidwa), ndipo mphamvu yogwirizanitsa imakhala yayikulu; nthawi yomweyo, pamwamba pa nsaluyo ndi yosalala komanso yathyathyathya, zomwe zimathandiza kukonza kusindikiza, ndipo zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana za makasitomala otsika kuti apange mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a chinthucho.

Kukana mwamphamvu dzimbiri la mankhwala: Zipangizo zazikulu zopangira nsalu yopanda ulusi wa spunbond (monga PP, PET) zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala komanso zimapirira kwambiri zinthu zodziwika bwino monga ma acid, alkali, ndi mchere. Muzochitika zomwe zimakumana ndi zinthu zofewa za mankhwala (monga kupukuta ndi kulongedza mafakitale), magwiridwe antchito a chinthucho sakhudzidwa ndipo amatha kukhalabe ndi nthawi yokhazikika yogwiritsira ntchito.

Kulemera kwa nsalu ya Filament Spunbond yosalukidwa ndi ulusi.

Nsalu ya spunbond yosaluka yopangidwa ndi Changshu Yongdeli Spunlaced Non-Woven Fabric Co., Ltd. ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolemera, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za mafakitale osiyanasiyana komanso zochitika zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtundu wake wolemera ndi 10g/㎡ - 150g/㎡, ndipo ukhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa zapadera za makasitomala. Makhalidwe ndi zochitika zogwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa zolemera ndi awa:

Zinthu zolemera pang'ono (10g/㎡ - 30g/㎡): Chogulitsachi ndi chopepuka ndipo chimatha kupumira bwino, chokhala ndi malo ofewa komanso owonekera bwino (zinthu zopangidwa ndi PP). Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa zinthu zaukhondo pamwamba kapena pamadzi (monga pamwamba pa nsalu zopukutira zovala, gawo lotulutsira madzi la thewera), zovala zamkati (monga mkati mwa zovala zopepuka, gawo lamkati la chigoba), ndi zinthu zopakira (monga mkati mwa filimu yopakira zinthu zamagetsi yosapsa fumbi) ndi zina zomwe sizikufuna makulidwe ndi kulemera kwa chinthucho.

Zinthu zolemera pang'ono (31g/㎡ - 80g/㎡): Chogulitsachi chili ndi kupepuka komanso mphamvu zina, ndipo chimagwira ntchito bwino, chimatha kupuma bwino komanso chimakhala cholimba. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zaukhondo (monga ma CD a ma baby wet wipes, gawo lakunja la zinthu zoletsa kudziletsa kwa akuluakulu), zinthu zoteteza kuchipatala (monga zipewa zachipatala, zophimba nsapato zachipatala, gawo lakunja la mapepala ogona otayidwa), zinthu zapakhomo (monga nsalu zophimba tebulo zotayidwa, matumba ogulira zinthu, matumba osungira), ndi minda yaulimi (monga nsalu yophimba mbande, nsalu yoteteza udzu) ndi zina zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu ndi makulidwe a chinthucho.

Zinthu zolemera kwambiri (81g/㎡ - 150g/㎡): Chogulitsachi chili ndi makulidwe akuluakulu, mphamvu zambiri, komanso kulimba bwino. Chimalimbana ndi kuwonongeka komanso kugwedezeka kwambiri. Ndi choyenera m'mafakitale (monga nsalu yopukutira mafakitale, zinthu zoyambira zosefera, zinthu zokutira chingwe), zinthu zopakira (monga nsalu yolemera yopakira zinthu, matumba opakira mphatso), zokongoletsera zapakhomo (monga makatani okhuthala otayidwa, zophimba makapeti), ndi minda yaulimi (monga nsalu yophimba mbande, nsalu yoteteza udzu) ndi zina zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu ndi makulidwe a chinthucho.

Ⅴ. Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito ya Nsalu Yopanda Ulusi ya Spunbond

Msika wa Zaukhondo: Monga gawo lalikulu la ntchito ya nsalu yopanda ulusi ya Spunbond, chinthuchi, chomwe chili ndi kupepuka kwake, kupuma bwino, komanso kusamala chilengedwe, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zaukhondo (monga gawo lotulutsa madzi a matewera, gawo la pamwamba, chophimba choteteza kutuluka kwa madzi m'mbali mwa nsalu zaukhondo), zinthu zaukhondo za akazi (gawo la pamwamba la nsalu zaukhondo, mapepala, gawo la pamwamba la mapepala opukutira madzi a ukhondo), ndi zinthu zosadziletsa za akuluakulu (gawo lakunja la matewera akuluakulu otayidwa, gawo la pamwamba la mapepala osamalira). Mwachitsanzo, mu nsalu zaukhondo, nsalu yopanda ulusi ya spunbond yolemera pang'ono ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gawo lotulutsira madzi kuti itsogolere mwachangu kufalikira kwa mkodzo ndikusunga pamwamba pouma; zinthu zolemera pang'ono zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gawo lakunja, lokhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso magwiridwe antchito oletsa kutuluka kwa madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yosavuta. Msika woteteza zachipatala: Mu gawo la zamankhwala, nsalu yopanda ulusi ya spunbond yopangidwa ndi filament, chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake chopanda fungo, kukana dzimbiri la mankhwala, komanso kusavuta kukonza, yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazinthu zoteteza zachipatala. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipewa zachipatala, zophimba nsapato zachipatala, mapepala azachipatala otayika, mapilo, zovala zamkati zosayera za zovala za opaleshoni, zophimba zakunja za zophimba nkhope (popewa kufalikira kwa madontho), ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo, zipewa zachipatala zimagwiritsa ntchito nsalu yapakati yopangidwa ndi ulusi wa spunbond, yomwe singathe kungotsimikizira kuti tsitsi limatha kupuma bwino komanso kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa malo azachipatala; zophimba nsapato zachipatala zimadalira kukana kwawo kuvala bwino, kuteteza mapazi a ogwira ntchito zachipatala ku kuipitsidwa.

Msika wa zinthu zofunika panyumba ndi tsiku ndi tsiku: Chifukwa cha kukula kwa kufunikira kwa ogula zinthu zosavuta komanso zaukhondo panyumba, kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu yopanda ulusi ya spunbond pamsikawu kukupitilira kukula. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zapakhomo zotayidwa (monga nsalu zotayidwa patebulo, makatani, zophimba sofa), ma CD a zinthu zofunika pa tsiku ndi tsiku (monga ma CD opukutira onyowa, zophimba mkati mwa mabokosi a minofu, matumba ogulira), zinthu zosungiramo (monga matumba osungiramo zinthu, matumba osapsa fumbi), ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo, nsalu zotayidwa patebulo zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zolemera pang'ono, zomwe ndi zopepuka komanso zosalowa madzi (zina zimatsukidwa ndi zoteteza madzi), ndipo zimatha kutayidwa mutagwiritsa ntchito, zosavuta komanso zachangu; matumba ogulira zinthu, okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kusindikizidwa, amakhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha matumba ogulira zinthu omwe ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe.

Msika wa mafakitale ndi ma CD: Pakupanga mafakitale, mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana kuvala kwa nsalu yopanda ulusi ya spunbond imagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira, yoyenera nsalu zopukutira za mafakitale (monga kupukuta utoto wamafuta m'mafakitale opangira makina ndi zamagetsi), zinthu zosefera (monga zigawo zothandizira zosefera za mpweya ndi zosefera zamadzi), zipangizo zokutira chingwe (kuteteza zingwe ku kuwonongeka kwakunja ndi dzimbiri), ndi zina zotero. Pakuyika, zinthu zolemera kwambiri zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyika zinthu zolemera (monga mipando ndi zida zapakhomo zonyamulira) ndi kuyika mphatso (monga matumba apamwamba a nsalu yamphatso), kuteteza bwino zinthu zomwe zapakidwa pamene zikuwonjezera kukongola kwa phukusi.

Msika wa Ulimi ndi Ulimi: Kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu yopangidwa ndi ulusi wa spunbond yosaluka m'munda waulimi kukukulirakulira pang'onopang'ono, kumagwira ntchito ngati nsalu yophimba mbande (yoteteza ndi kusunga chinyezi, kulimbikitsa kumera kwa mbewu), nsalu yoteteza udzu (pambuyo pa chithandizo chapadera, imatha kuletsa kukula kwa udzu pamene imalola madzi kulowa), ndi nsalu yokulunga zomera (yoteteza mbande panthawi yonyamulidwa kuti isawonongeke). Mwachitsanzo, nsalu yophimba mbande imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zolemera pang'ono, zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbande zazing'ono zikule bwino, komanso zimakhala zolimba kukalamba, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mobwerezabwereza nthawi zambiri.

Changshu Yongdeli Spunlaced Non-Woven Fabric Co., Ltd. nthawi zonse imatsatira zosowa za makasitomala, kudalira magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso khalidwe lokhazikika la nsalu ya spunbond yosaluka filament, kupereka mayankho aukadaulo pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. M'tsogolomu, kampaniyo ipitiliza kuyika ndalama mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kukonza njira zopangira, kukulitsa ntchito zazinthu ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, kupatsa msika zinthu zapamwamba komanso zotsika mtengo za nsalu ya spunbond yosaluka filament, komanso kukwaniritsa chitukuko chopambana ndi makasitomala.